Pile and pile structure.



F. A.. NOULLET. PILB AND FILE STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1909.

963,61 Patented July/5, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 I Z T VENTOR F. A. NQULLET. P ILB AND FILE STRUCTURE.APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

V Patented July 5, 1910 W/TVESSE S and t mam: uraomr sooner, or NEWonmns, LOUISIANA.

rm AND rim srnucrunn macaw mm m 'Patented-July5, 1910:;

Application illedj'uly 8,1908. Serial No. 506,541.

.To all whom it concern:

Be it known t at I, FRANK Anmour NoULm-:'r, citizen of the UliitedStates, residing at New Orleans, in the arish of Orleans and State ofLouisiana, ave invented new and useful Improvements in Piles and- PileStructures, of which the following is a 4 specification. A

'My invention pertains to hydraulic engineering and more particularly topiles and superstructures sup orted thereby; and it has for one of itsob .ec.ts to provide .a strong pile constructed with a view of beingreadily ed in position'in a secure manner, and of withstanding'withoutmaterial deterioration the conditions to which piles are "ordinarily'subjected.

, Another object of the inventionis the provision of piles constructedwith a view of being-combined and connected together and braced in orderto constitute a stable support for anything that may be placed-ther'eon. J

Anotherobject is the provision in combination with a plurality of piles,of girders constructed of reinforced concrete and connected with thepiles in such manner that the girders are possessed of great strength inproportion to their size.

Another bject is the provision of piles provided with appuitenanceswhereby they are adapted when arranged at the endof 'a wharf or dock towithstand the impact ofa landing ship, and prevent the same frominjuring the wharf. Y

Other objects and advantageous characteristics of the invention will befully understood from the following description and claims when the sameare read 1n connec tion with the drawings, accompanying and forming partof this specification, in which: Figure l is a broken elevation of somuch of a structure as is necessary to illustrate the'best practicalembodiment of my inven tion of which I am cognizant. Fig. 2 is atransverse section illustrating the manner in which I prefer toconstruct the metallic socket embodied in each of the piles. Fig. 3 is asimilar view illustrative of the manner in which I prefer to constructthe metallic shoe comprised in each pile and adapt ed to receive andreinforce concrete or other. increased plastic material and lend strenth to the connection between the same %1e socket. Fig. i is a transversesec tion illustrative of themanner in which the of the pile. Fig.6 isadetail vertical section showing the means on the outer pile forsupmetallic stays are connected with the piles. Fig. 1s a detaildiametrical sectionshowing the construction of the intermediatelportion'60 portingyapd holdin a bumper of wood or other material suita 1e toits purpose; Fig. 7 IS a transverse, section taken in the planeindicated by the line 7 -7-5015 Fig. l and showing the reinforcingmeans-in the concrete together with the anchor for effecting connectionbetween '=the concrete portion of the pile and a concrete girdersuperposed thereon. Fig. 8 is a' detail section taken at a; right angleto'Fig. 1 vand showingthe' manner in which the. concrete-.. 'irderarranged above leach. pile is-rein orc ed be tween piles.

. Similar letters designate corresponding parts in allof the views ofthe drawings, referring .to which:-

Aand A are piles of which any suitable I number may be emplpyed asoccasion...de-

inands. Each of the said piles comprises a lower wood portion a designedto be driven downwardly through the bottom of a bod of water or throughother .earth"until-'1t 7 brings up against a hard :stratum, and havmgits upper portion b-i'educed; a metallic socket c which is preferablydriven-on the reduced portion 6. of the wood-before said reducedportionis below the low water line; a metallic shoe (lpositioncd in thesocket a aiidiabofl; thewood portion a, and concrete or othersuitable'plastic material 6 arran ed within and extending above-the saidsocket.

The metallic socket a is preferably formed in the manner shown in Fig.2that is to say, by bending a sheet of metal into tubular form, andconnecting the meeting edges of the said sheet through the medium of'acoupler comprising a bar or plate g. ar ranged at the outer side of thesheet, and rivets lb headed at their outer ends and driven through thebar or plateg and the edge portions of theshcotand havin their innerends mashed and countersunk 1n, the

inner sides of said'edge portions. Mani-' festly in this manner a strongand durable socket is produced and one possessed of the requisitestiffness and interior smoothness.

Ata'n intermediate point of its 1c the socket c is provided "with ametallic diaplllil 'lll i having its edge turned down-v and riveted to.the wallof the ward socket as best shown in Fig. 5g-the said diaphragm ibeing adapted when the socket c is driven on the wood portion a to bearand rest upon the upper end of the said wood portion. The metallic shoed is preferably constructed in a reverse manner to' the socket e., of asheet bent'-into tubular form and havin its contiguous edges conneetedthrough t e. medium of a bar or plate gextending-lengthwise of the shoeand within the same, and rivets It headed at their inner ends ,andextending through the Y bar 6i plate,g' and, .the edge port ons of thesheet, and having the r outer ends ably b'y adiaphrag'm j of metalconnected Y to -theshoe as shown and adapted to supportthe concrete inthe shoe an to bear upon the diaphragm i, Fig. 5. The concrete 6 extendsfrom the bottom or diaphragm j 7 of the shoe d a suitable distan'ceabove the upper end of theshoe, and itwill be'observed by reference to.the drawings that the said concrete is reinforced by vertical rods k, ofmetal, and that a metallic tie-bar Z'is' securely-anchored in-the upperortion of the concrete and extends upwar 1y beyond the upper. endthereoffor a purpose herein.-'

after. set. forth. j ;,Itwillalso be observed in,

the drawings that at intervals of its length the concrete e 1sprov1ded,-with"metallic collars m the exterior diameter of whichcorrespondsto that of the shoe d; that a coating of cement plaster i.6., plastic cement'n surrounds the colierete 6 between the lower collarm and the. intermediate collar m, and also betweensaid intermediatecollar m and the upper collar m; and that metallictubes p p extenddiametrically through the concrete and the cementplaster,"and aredesigned .for the reception'of bolts r,.each of which has an eye at oneend and a nut-or other" securing device at its opposite end. The sa 1dcollars m serve by surrounding the concrete (1 to reinforce the same andin'thatj way lend increased strength to the, pile.

The reinforcing rods k and the tie bar-il, the metallic collars m, andthe metallic tubes 7) as well as the shoe d .which is connected to theconcrete bydianietrical bolts 8,

are all arranged as shown, relative to the concrete portion 6 at thetime of the manu- -facture'.thcreof, and after the concrete hashardened. or set the covering ofcementplaster is applied; the saidcovering a being exteriorly ofa .diameter corresponding to the exteriordiameters of the shoe d and collars m, so that the exterior diameter ofthe-reinforced concrete-portion of the pilejs uniform throughout thelength of the said reinforced concrete portion. I would also here statethat by preference all of the metallic elements entering into my novelpile are -preferably provided with two coats of Galterior of theconcrete portion e at the time I of manufacture thereof,- is adaptedtoprevent water from lodging in or working against the said indentations,with the re.- sult that the periodofusefulness of the said concreteportion 0 is materially prolonged;

-. It will be understood from the foregoing that the concrete portion eis equipped with the appurtenances mentioned at any suitable time orplace, and that the said 'concrete portion and its appurtenances, in-

cluding' the metallic shoe d, are handled as a unit and arran ed asdescribed, relative ,to the socket 0 after the said socket 0 has beendriven'on the wood portion a, At this point 'I'deem it proper tosay.that after the -metallic socket c is driven on the wood por tion a,a wood follower (not shown) is arranged in the upper portion of thesocket c and upon the diaphragm and the blows of the pile driver a'reimposed on'the said follower until the wood portion a is carried.tothe-point desired below the lowest water mark; it being desirable forthe wood portion a to always be below the water in order to prolong theusefulness of the said-wood port-ion. Then after the wood portion a andcred with'Galva-num paint or its equivalent, are positioned asdescribed, the concrete portion e equipped with the shoe d and the otherappurtenances described, is arranged so that the shoe d is snuglyreceived in the socket c,- whereupon the said shoe- (1 and socket 0 willcotiperate to .eii'ect a strong and durable connection of the concreteportion 6 with the wood portion a. After being secured in position asdescribed, the concrete portions 6 of the two piles A and A areconnected through the medium of crossed stays B, having turn-buckles Cand also having D-designed to be engaged with the eyes. at the endsofthe bolts r, which extend through the metallic tubes 7), as beforedescribed, the said crossed stays 'B being adapted to unite the piles ina single structure and contribute to the strength and toe the steelsocket c, which socket is also covill) weight-bearing capacity (if-thestructure.

The said stays B in common withthe other metallic elements ofthestructure are pref erablyfcoatd'witli Galva num paint or otherpreservativei'precedent to being placed in positio zn'wiu be asst-tea byreference to Fig 1 130 i that the metallic sockets c and the metallicshoes (I, as well as the wood portions a of the piles, are arrangedentirely below the lowest water' mark,.s1nce said arrangement eonducestoprolonging ,the usefulness of the metallic sockets and shoes.

.In addition to the elements enumerated, each pile A comprisesimetalhctubes 72' embedded in the concrete portion 6, and arms of'eoncrete,integral with the portion e,

' and reinforced by metallic sections F, which are embedded in theconcrete portion 0 and the concrete arms or brackets 0 as shown.

.T he arms o'r'braekets e of the pile A aredesigned to support bumpersG. of wood or other suitablematerial, which bumpers are I connected tothe pile by bolts II extending a through the bumpers and the tubes p.

From this it follows that piles of the A type are adapted moreespecially for use at the outer end ofa wharfor dock, ,the bumpers G insuch lo -ation ll'tlllg adapted to receive the impact of ships andprotect the wharf against injury; I would have it understoothhowever,that the use of piles of the A type is not limited to wharres or docks,inasmuch as said piles ofthe A type may obviously be fused to advantagein bridge work, trestlework and other work to which they are applicable.

In the embodimentillustrated, the upper ends of thciconcrete portions of.the piles are let into recesses I in the under; sides of girders J,and the said girders J m turn are let into recesses K in the under sidesof girders L disposed at right anglcs-to the girders J, and the tie-barsZ of the piles are extended upwardly through the girders J and intothegirders L, at. which latter point the tie-bars are suitably secured,whereby it will be manifest that the tie-bars Z will serve to stronglyconnect the girders -togethcr and to the piles. The girders arepreferably formed of concrete or othe'r plastic material, and each isprovided with a metallic reinforcement M embedded therein,

and made up of plates t disposed in vertical alinement with the pilesand receiving the tic-bars l, and spans extending between the saidplates't and respectively made up of lower straight bars wv and uppercurvilinear bars 4). By virtue of the. said spans it will be readilyobserved that the eight-bearing capacity of the portions of the girdersbetween supports is 'materially increased.

Upon-the girders any desired structure may be superposed. but I havedeemed it unnecessary to illustrate such structure, inasmuch as it formsno part of my lnvcnlion.'

As before stated, the construction herein illustrated and describedconstitutes the best practical embodiment of my' invention of which I amaware, but it is obvions'that in the future practice of the inventionsuch changes or modifications may be made as;

do not involve departure from the scope or my lnvent on as defined in myappended claims. Y

Having described my invention, 'what I.

claim and desire to secureby Letters-Patent, is: r

LA pile comprising a lower portion, a metallic socket, mounted on soldportlon and having a diaphragm at an intermediate" point of its lengthbearing on the upper end thcreot, an upper concrete portion, and ametallic shoe surrounding and secured on the lower end of the upperportion and having its lower end. closed and disposed against the lowerend of said upper portion; said shoe being disposed in the socket and onthe diaphragm thereof and extending above the said socket.

2. In a pile, the combination of a lower portion; a metallic socketcomprisingasheet of metal of tubular form and-a bar, arran ed at theouter side of and connected to'the e ge portions of the sheet, saidsocket being,

mounted on said lower portion and having a diaphragm at an intermed atepo nt of ts height bearing on the upper end thereof; an

upper concrete portion; and a metallic shoe comprising a sheet of metalof tubular fornr and a bar arranged at the inner sideo f andC(Jlllltit'ltttl to the edge portions of the sheet,

said shoe surrounding and being securedjon the lower end of the upperportion-and being" disposed in the socket and on the diaphragm thereofand extending above the sai socket. 3. A pile comprising a portion ofplastic "material such as concrete,-metallic portions.

arranged on the concrete portion and separated by an intervening space,and a plastic coating snrroumling the concrete portion and interposedbetween and arranged flushwith the said metallic portions.

4-. pile comprising a lower wood portion, a 'metallic socket mounted onsaid por- (ion' and having a diaphragm'at an intermein testimony whereofI have hereunto set my hand in prescmx: of two subscribing witnesses. eFRANK ANTHONY NOULLET.

' \Vitnesses: l WQE. IIARTIC,

Jos. E. Gii LLn.

